For decades, the Courts, especially the Supreme Court, have been asked to balance the demands of people with sincerely held religious beliefs with the laws of an ordered society., Most recently religious conservatives have been pressing for a greater acceptance of their view that any kind of “sincere religious belief should exempt them from conduct that they consider to interfere with those beliefs. This podcast and accompanying material will review how sincere religious beliefs have been examined during the 20th and 21st century, including claims of conscientious objection, with a focus on recent Supreme Court cases.