In December 2020, two COVID-19 vaccines received emergency use authorization from the U.S. government and several more vaccines may be approved in the coming weeks. In the initial phases, front-line healthcare workers, nursing home residents, persons over 75 years of age, and others with underlying health conditions have been given first priority, but many employers are now devising programs to have their "essential workers" or all of their workers vaccinated as soon as possible. This discussion will address the OSHA and Labor & Employment law questions swirling around employer-driven vaccination policies and programs, including the legality of employer vaccine mandates, the grounds on which employees may decline the vaccine, and what effects the vaccine has on OSHA-required COVID-19 protocols in the workplace.